RESEARCH
Dr. Khandekar's research program spans artificial intelligence in the operating room, augmented reality in clinical care, and genomic biomarkers for prostate cancer, translated into peer-reviewed publications.
A central thread of this work is surgical intelligence, capturing what actually happens in the operating room and turning it into structured, measurable data. That includes an AI surgery-to-text platform, computer-vision models for intraoperative guidance, and automated surgical performance metrics, reducing the documentation burden on surgeons while creating research-grade datasets from routine care.
A second thread is precision in prostate cancer. As an investigator on the Miami Active Surveillance Trial (MAST), Dr. Khandekar has helped validate genomic classifiers such as Decipher, PAM50, and PSC, along with multiparametric MRI strategies that distinguish indolent disease from cancers that need treatment, so patients avoid both overtreatment and missed progression.
A third explores augmented reality and simulation, from AR in outpatient urologic care to physics-based simulators that model stone behavior and treatment pathways, expanding how clinicians teach, plan, and counsel.
Development of AI models for surgical decision support, including automated surgical metric measurement and computer vision for intraoperative guidance.
AR-guided biopsies, AR applications in clinical interventions, and evaluation of AR systems in outpatient urological settings.
Validation of Decipher, PAM50, and PSC genomic classifiers for predicting progression in prostate cancer active surveillance, through the Miami Active Surveillance Trial (MAST).
HL7 integration, intraoperative data analytics, automated warm ischemia time measurement, and surgical performance assessment.
Collaborations
Dr. Khandekar actively partners with engineers, data scientists, startups, and industry on artificial intelligence, augmented reality, computer vision, and surgical-data projects in urology. If you are building at the intersection of technology and cancer care, he would like to hear from you.
Start a ConversationInvited presentations and featured interviews.
Augmented Reality Guided Prostate Biopsies
Grand Rounds in Urology · 2025
Leveraging Big Data in Surgery through HL7 Integration and Computer Vision
Grand Rounds in Urology · 2024
Most recent first.
Prediction Analysis of Microarray of 50 genes (PAM50) classifier validated for predicting prostate cancer progression in active surveillance: Miami Active Surveillance Trial (MAST)
Malpani A, Ryan JT, Yu H, Soodana-Prakash N, Khandekar A, Ajami T, Williams A, Szczotka Z, Alshalalfa M, Hao Y, Davicioni E, Swain S, Kryvenko O, Dal Pra A, Stoyanova R, Gaston S, Pollack A, Mahal BA, Abramowitz M, Nahar B, Ritch CR, Kava B, Gonzalgo ML, Parekh DJ, Punnen S
BJU Int. 2026
Concordance among experts in assessing apical mucosal preservation during holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP): implications for artificial intelligence model development
Khandekar A, Rathinam A, Bhatia A, Lopategui DM, Katz J, Sur RL, Smith N, Maheshwari PN, Shah HN
World J Urol. 2025;44(1):20
Augmented Reality in Outpatient Care: A Narrative Review
Khandekar A, Shah A, Miranda LAE, Bello FT, Liebl B, Ryan J, de Paula PAB, Bhatia A, Guerard T, Parekh DJ
Healthc Technol Lett. 2025;12(1):e70025
4K density: Adjusting the 4Kscore for prostate volume to improve risk stratification of clinically significant prostate cancer in men undergoing prostate biopsy
Guerard T, Porto JG, Fekete T, Nativ O, Reid G, Williams A, Ryan J, Zhou K, Cortizas E, Freitas P, Khandekar A, Nahar B, Ritch C, Gonzalgo M, Parekh DJ, Punnen S
Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2025
Thulium fiber vs. holmium: YAG lasers in urology: insights from the FDA MAUDE database
Velasquez Ospina J, Gozlan E, Williams A, Rathinam A, Khandekar A, Katz J, Marcovich R, Shah HN
World J Urol. 2025;43(1):593
Metabolic abnormalities in pure vs. mixed struvite stone formers: A retrospective comparative analysis utilising large language models for data extraction
Velasquez Ospina J, Bhatia A, Khandekar A, Rathinam A, Austin G, Katz J, Marcovich R, Shah HN
BJUI Compass. 2025;6(9):e70072
Reply by Authors
Freitas PFS, Khandekar A, Porto JG, Yu H, Williams AD, et al.
J Urol. 2025;214(4):391-392
A pilot study evaluating the safety and efficacy of en-bloc holmium laser enucleation of the prostate in patients with a history of radiation therapy or HIFU
Titus RS, Bhatia A, Porto JG, Daher JC, Raymo A, Meyreles M, Khandekar A, Rathinam A, Katz J, Marcovich R, Shah HN
BJUI Compass. 2025;6(7):e70061
Analyzing retraction trends in urology: a comprehensive study over the last decade
Yanes J, Ajabshir D, Rathinam A, Khandekar A, Katz J, Marcovich R, Shah HN
World J Urol. 2025;43(1):392
Can Genomic Classifiers in Biopsy Cores With Grade Group 1 Cancer Predict Higher-Grade Disease Elsewhere in the Prostate? Results From the Prospective Miami Active Surveillance Trial
Freitas PFS, Khandekar A, Porto JG, Yu H, Williams AD, Avda Y, Malpani A, Ajami T, et al.
J Urol. 2025;214(4):383-392
Use of biochemical and imaging criteria for selecting patients for prostate biopsy in recurrence risk assessment post-HIFU therapy
Ajami T, Williams A, Ryan JT, Soodana Prakash N, Khandekar A, et al.
World J Urol. 2025;43(1):162
GRAND Study Should Not Prohibit Urologists From Offering Bilateral Same Session Ureteroscopy to Appropriate Patients with Bilateral Urolithiasis
Bhatia A, Porto JG, Khandekar A, Lopategui DM, Marcovich R, Shah HN
J Endourol. 2025;39(3):e327-e328
Safety and feasibility of en-bloc holmium laser enucleation for very large prostates (>200 cc) with trainee involvement
Maluf FC, Bhatia A, Khandekar A, Lopategui DM, Porto JG, Chen RR, Daher JC, Zarli M, Marcovich R, Shah HN
BJUI Compass. 2024;6(1):e469
Assessing the Molecular Heterogeneity of Prostate Cancer Biopsy Sampling: Insights from the MAST Trial
Ajami T, Yu H, Porto JG, Soodana Prakash N, Williams A, Avda Y, Malpani A, et al.
Eur Urol Focus. 2024;11(2):287-293
Survival Outcomes and Recurrence Patterns Following Focal High-intensity Focused Ultrasound Treatment for Localized Prostate Cancer
Nahar B, Ajami T, Williams A, Soodana Prakash N, Khandekar A, et al.
Eur Urol Focus. 2024;11(2):235-241
Accuracy of warm ischemia time measurement using a surgical intelligence software in partial nephrectomies: A validation study
Khandekar A, Porto JG, Daher JC, Freitas PFS, Asselman D, Suarez MM, Gonzalgo ML, Parekh DJ, Punnen S
BJUI Compass. 2024;5(12):1263-1268
Functional outcomes of single-session HoLEP and HIFU in management of patients with prostate cancer and enlarged prostate
Delgado J, Porto JG, Bhatia A, Raymo A, Blachman-Braun R, Ajami T, Rathinam A, Freitas PFS, Khandekar A, et al.
World J Urol. 2024;43(1):53
Chondroma in the Urinary Bladder: An Extremely Rare Finding
Porto JG, Blachman-Braun R, Khandekar A, Kryvenko ON, Parekh DJ
Case Rep Urol. 2024;2024:4120514
Robotic Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer: The Way Forward
Gill IS, Desai MM, Cacciamani GE, Khandekar A, Parekh DJ
J Urol. 2024;211(3):476-480
The Influence of the Microbiome on Urological Malignancies: A Systematic Review
Porto JG, Arbelaez MCS, Pena B, Khandekar A, Malpani A, Nahar B, Punnen S, Ritch CR, Gonzalgo ML, Parekh DJ, Marcovich R, Shah HN
Cancers. 2023;15(20):4984
A Prospective Study of Clinical Phenotype-Directed Management of Bladder Pain Syndrome/Interstitial Cystitis (BPS/IC)
Khandekar A
Int J Sci Res. 2023;12(7)
Perioperative, oncological, and survival outcomes of robotic radical cystectomy with urinary diversion in females
Agarwal VV, Thyavihally BY, Waigankar SS, Dev P, Pednekar AP, Roy D, Athikari N, Hastak M, Badlani N, Pokharkar DH, Ayyalasomayajula NS, Khandekar A, Asari A
Indian J Urol. 2022;39(1):27-32
Safety of uro-oncology practice and robot-assisted surgery during the peak of COVID-19 pandemic: A report from India
Dev P, Yuvaraja TB, Waigankar SS, Ranade S, Pednekar AP, Agarwal V, Khandekar A, Badlani N, Asari A
J Cancer Res Ther. 2022;18(6):1629-1634
Intravesical BCG in treating non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: analysis of adverse effects and effectiveness of two strains (Danish 1331 and Moscow-I)
Thyavihally YB, Dev P, Waigankar S, Pednekar A, Athikari N, Raut A, Khandekar A, Badlani N, Asari A
Asian J Urol. 2022;9(2):157-164
Comparing adverse effects, short term outcomes, and cost implications of hyperthermic intravesical chemotherapy with Mitomycin-C and intravesical BCG (Moscow-I strain) in intermediate and high-risk NMIBC
Thyavihally YB, Waigankar SS, Dev P, Asari A, Pednekar AP, Athikari N, Raut A, Khandekar A, Badlani N
Urology Annals. 2021;13(4):424-430
Comparative study of perioperative and survival outcomes after VEIL and open inguinal lymph node dissection in carcinoma of the penis
Thyavihally YB, Dev P, Waigankar SS, Pednekar A, Kulkarni B, Sharma A, et al.
J Robot Surg. 2021;15(6):905-914
Evaluation of a consultant's approach to laparoscopic appendectomy
Khandekar A
Int J Sci Res. 2016;5(1)
Dr. Khandekar sees patients across the University of Miami Health System and Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center. Request an appointment for urologic oncology care.