Digital simulation of kidney collecting system and stone: geometry and texture mapping.
Korkmaz N, Mondshine JA, Saini S, Ojalvo J, Khandekar A, Marcovich R, Shah HN, Visser U, Katz JE
Transl Androl Urol. 2026;15(6):195
RESEARCH
Building Evidence at the Edge of Surgery and Computation
Dr. Khandekar's research program spans artificial intelligence in the operating room, augmented reality in clinical care, and genomic biomarkers for prostate cancer, translated into peer-reviewed publications.
A central thread of this work is surgical intelligence, capturing what actually happens in the operating room and turning it into structured, measurable data. That includes an AI surgery-to-text platform, computer-vision models for intraoperative guidance, and automated surgical performance metrics, reducing the documentation burden on surgeons while creating research-grade datasets from routine care.
A second thread is precision in prostate cancer. As an investigator on the Miami Active Surveillance Trial (MAST), Dr. Khandekar has helped validate genomic classifiers such as Decipher, PAM50, and PSC, along with multiparametric MRI strategies that distinguish indolent disease from cancers that need treatment, so patients avoid both overtreatment and missed progression.
A third explores augmented reality and simulation, from AR in outpatient urologic care to physics-based simulators that model stone behavior and treatment pathways, expanding how clinicians teach, plan, and counsel.
Research Programs
01
Artificial Intelligence in Urology
Development of AI models for surgical decision support, including automated surgical metric measurement and computer vision for intraoperative guidance.
02
Augmented Reality in Surgery & Outpatient Care
AR-guided biopsies, AR applications in clinical interventions, and evaluation of AR systems in outpatient urological settings.
03
Genomic Biomarkers & Active Surveillance
Validation of Decipher, PAM50, and PSC genomic classifiers for predicting progression in prostate cancer active surveillance, through the Miami Active Surveillance Trial (MAST).
04
Surgical Intelligence & Computer Vision
HL7 integration, intraoperative data analytics, automated warm ischemia time measurement, and surgical performance assessment.
Collaborations
Open to Technology Collaborations
Dr. Khandekar actively partners with engineers, data scientists, startups, and industry on artificial intelligence, augmented reality, computer vision, and surgical-data projects in urology. If you are building at the intersection of technology and cancer care, he would like to hear from you.
Start a ConversationTalks & Media
Invited presentations and featured interviews.
Augmented Reality Guided Prostate Biopsies
Grand Rounds in Urology · 2025
Leveraging Big Data in Surgery through HL7 Integration and Computer Vision
Grand Rounds in Urology · 2024
Peer-Reviewed Publications
Most recent first.
2026
Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer in Patients Undergoing Holmium Laser Enucleation of Prostate for Benign Hyperplasia: A Preoperative Nomogram and a Postoperative Surveillance Protocol.
Singh G, Bakbak H, Abdelaziz A, Resnik S, Ospina JV, Katz JE, Marcovich R, Khandekar A, Punnen S, Gonzalgo ML, Parekh DJ, Shah HN
J Endourol. 2026:8927790261461243
A validated custom pipeline for three-dimensional kidney stone renderings tocreate an open access repository.
Pérez KC, Porto JG, Civetta L, Khandekar A, Marcovich R, Shah HN, Saini S, Ojalvo J, Visser U, Katz JE
Urolithiasis. 2026;54(1)
Development and validation of a machine learning model for predicting 30-day major morbidity and mortality following radical cystectomy: An American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program study.
Singh G, Khandekar A, Abdelaziz A, Shah HN, Punnen S, Gonzalgo ML, Parekh DJ
BJUI Compass. 2026;7:e70224
Multiparametric MRI in prostate cancer active surveillance: results from the Miami Active Surveillance Trial (MAST) trial.
Sharifi SHH, Williams A, Ryan JT, Ajami T, Nativ OF, Han S, Reis IM, Soodana-Prakash N, Khandekar A, Swain S, Kryvenko ON, Stoyanova R, Pollack A, Castillo PR, Nahar B, Ritch CR, Kava B, Gonzalgo ML, Parekh DJ, Punnen S
BJU Int. 2026;138(2):276-284
Evaluating MRI findings and biopsy strategies to maximize detection of grade progression in men on active surveillance for prostate cancer.
Sharifi SHH, Ryan JT, Williams A, Tapia-Stoll N, Bitaraf M, Abdshah A, Soodana-Prakash N, Khandekar A, Swain S, Kryvenko ON, Stoyanova R, Pollack A, Castillo PR, Nahar B, Ritch CR, Kava B, Gonzalgo ML, Parekh DJ, Punnen S
Urol Oncol. 2026;44(6):154-160
Benchmarking Large Language Models Against Web of Science: A Comparative Bibliometric Analysis on Panniculectomy.
Mangal R, Jessup M, Desai A, Khandekar A, Prasad S, Tadisina KK, Singh D
Ann Plast Surg. 2026;96(6):588-594
Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate in the oldest-old: a comparative analysis across the extremes of age.
Bakbak H, Bhatia A, Velasquez J, Meyreles M, Abdelaziz A, Singh G, Khandekar A, Katz JE, Marcovich R, Shah HN
Front Med (Lausanne). 2026;13:1791612
Prediction Analysis of Microarray of 50 genes (PAM50) classifier validated for predicting prostate cancer progression in active surveillance: Miami Active Surveillance Trial (MAST).
Malpani A, Ryan JT, Yu H, Soodana-Prakash N, Khandekar A, Ajami T, Williams A, Szczotka Z, Alshalalfa M, Hao Y, Davicioni E, Swain S, Kryvenko ON, Pra AD, Stoyanova R, Gaston S, Pollack A, Mahal BA, Abramowitz M, Nahar B, Ritch CR, Kava B, Gonzalgo ML, Parekh DJ, Punnen S
BJU Int. 2026;137(5):886-894
4K density: Adjusting the 4Kscore for prostate volume to improve risk stratification of clinically significant prostate cancer in men undergoing prostate biopsy.
Guerard T, Porto JG, Fekete T, Nativ O, Reid G, Williams A, Ryan J, Zhou K, Cortizas E, Freitas P, Khandekar A, Nahar B, Ritch C, Gonzalgo M, Parekh DJ, Punnen S
Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2026;29(2):411-417
2025
Concordance among experts in assessing apical mucosal preservation during holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP): implications for artificial intelligence model development.
Khandekar A, Rathinam A, Bhatia A, Lopategui DM, Katz J, Sur RL, Smith N, Maheshwari PN, Shah HN
World J Urol. 2025;44(1):20
Augmented Reality in Outpatient Care: A Narrative Review.
Khandekar A, Shah A, Miranda LAE, Bello FT, Liebl B, Ryan J, de Paula PAB, Bhatia A, Guerard T, Parekh DJ
Healthc Technol Lett. 2025;12(1):e70025
Thulium fiber vs. holmium: YAG lasers in urology: insights from the FDA MAUDE database.
Velasquez Ospina J, Gozlan E, Williams A, Rathinam A, Khandekar A, Katz J, Marcovich R, Shah HN
World J Urol. 2025;43(1):593
Metabolic abnormalities in pure vs. mixed struvite stone formers: A retrospective comparative analysis utilising large language models for data extraction.
Velasquez Ospina J, Bhatia A, Khandekar A, Rathinam A, Austin G, Katz J, Marcovich R, Shah HN
BJUI Compass. 2025;6(9):e70072
Reply by Authors.
Freitas PFS, Khandekar A, Porto JG, Yu H, Williams AD, Avda Y, Malpani A, Ajami T, Mendiola DF, Soodana-Prakash N, Swain S, Gaston S, Kryvenko ON, Davicioni E, Alshalalfa M, Hao Y, Mahal B, Cortizas E, Szczotka Z, Guerard T, Kava B, Stoyanova R, Ritch CR, Nahar B, Gonzalgo ML, Pollack A, Parekh DJ, Punnen S
J Urol. 2025;214(4):391-392
A pilot study evaluating the safety and efficacy of En-bloc holmium laser enucleation of the prostate in patients with a history of radiation therapy or high intensity focused ultrasound for management of organ confined prostate cancer with review of the literature.
Titus RS, Bhatia A, Porto JG, Daher JC, Raymo A, Meyreles M, Khandekar A, Rathinam A, Katz J, Marcovich R, Shah HN
BJUI Compass. 2025;6(7):e70061
Analyzing retraction trends in urology: a comprehensive study over the last decade.
Yanes J, Ajabshir D, Rathinam A, Khandekar A, Katz J, Marcovich R, Shah HN
World J Urol. 2025;43(1):392
Can Genomic Classifiers in Biopsy Cores With Grade Group 1 Cancer Predict Higher-Grade Disease Elsewhere in the Prostate? Results From the Prospective Miami Active Surveillance Trial.
Freitas PFS, Khandekar A, Porto JG, Yu H, Williams AD, Avda Y, Malpani A, Ajami T, Mendiola DF, Soodana-Prakash N, Swain S, Gaston S, Kryvenko ON, Davicioni E, Alshalalfa M, Hao Y, Mahal B, Cortizas E, Szczotka Z, Guerard T, Kava B, Stoyanova R, Ritch CR, Nahar B, Gonzalgo ML, Pollack A, Parekh DJ, Punnen S
J Urol. 2025;214(4):383-392
Use of biochemical and imaging criteria for selecting patients for prostate biopsy in recurrence risk assessment post-HIFU therapy.
Ajami T, Williams A, Ryan JT, Prakash NS, Khandekar A, Sureshkumar K, Ritch CR, Gonzalgo ML, Punnen S, Parekh DJ, Nahar B
World J Urol. 2025;43(1):162
Safety and feasibility of En-bloc holmium laser enucleation for very large prostates (> 200 cc) with trainee involvement.
Maluf FC, Bhatia A, Khandekar A, Lopategui DM, Porto JG, Chen RR, Daher JC, Zarli M, Marcovich R, Shah HN
BJUI Compass. 2025;6(1):e469
GRAND Study Should Not Prohibit Urologists From Offering Bilateral Same Session Ureteroscopy to Appropriate Patients with Bilateral Urolithiasis.
Bhatia A, Porto JG, Khandekar A, Lopategui DM, Marcovich R, Shah HN
J Endourol. 2025;39(3):e327-e328
Assessing the Molecular Heterogeneity of Prostate Cancer Biopsy Sampling: Insights from the MAST Trial.
Ajami T, Yu H, Porto JG, Prakash NS, Williams A, Avda Y, Malpani A, Mendiola DF, Freitas PFS, Khandekar A, Swain S, Gaston S, Mahal B, Cortizas E, Szczotka Z, Gerard T, Kava B, Stoyanova R, Kryvenko ON, Castillo P, Ritch CR, Nahar B, Gonzalgo ML, Pollack A, Parekh DJ, Punnen S
Eur Urol Focus. 2025;11(2):287-293
Survival Outcomes and Recurrence Patterns Following Focal High-intensity Focused Ultrasound Treatment for Localized Prostate Cancer: Insights on Patient Selection and Lessons Learned.
Nahar B, Ajami T, Williams A, Soodana Prakash N, Khandekar A, Freitas PFS, Malpani A, Ryan JT, Sureshkumar K, Ritch CR, Gonzalgo ML, Punnen S, Parekh DJ
Eur Urol Focus. 2025;11(2):235-241
2024
Accuracy of warm ischemia time measurement using a surgical intelligence software in partial nephrectomies: A validation study.
Khandekar A, Porto JG, Daher JC, Freitas PFS, Asselman D, Suarez MM, Gonzalgo ML, Parekh DJ, Punnen S
BJUI Compass. 2024;5(12):1263-1268
Functional outcomes of single-session holmium laser enucleation of the prostate and high-intensity focused ultrasound in management of patients with prostate cancer and enlarged prostate: results from a pilot study.
Delgado J, Porto JG, Bhatia A, Raymo A, Blachman-Braun R, Ajami T, Rathinam A, Freitas PFS, Khandekar A, Marcovich R, Parekh DJ, Nahar B, Shah HN
World J Urol. 2024;43(1):53
Chondroma in the Urinary Bladder: An Extremely Rare Finding.
Porto JG, Blachman-Braun R, Khandekar A, Kryvenko ON, Parekh DJ
Case Rep Urol. 2024;2024:4120514
Robotic Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer: The Way Forward.
Gill IS, Desai MM, Cacciamani GE, Khandekar A, Parekh DJ
J Urol. 2024;211(3):476-480
2023
The Influence of the Microbiome on Urological Malignancies: A Systematic Review.
Porto JG, Arbelaez MCS, Pena B, Khandekar A, Malpani A, Nahar B, Punnen S, Ritch CR, Gonzalgo ML, Parekh DJ, Marcovich R, Shah HN
Cancers (Basel). 2023;15(20)
Perioperative, oncological, and survival outcomes of robotic radical cystectomy with urinary diversion in females: A single-center retrospective observational study.
Agarwal VV, Thyavihally BY, Waigankar SS, Dev P, Pednekar AP, Roy D, Athikari N, Hastak M, Badlani N, Pokharkar DH, Ayyalasomayajula NS, Khandekar A, Asari A
Indian J Urol. 2023;39(1):27-32
2022
Safety of uro-oncology practice and robot-assisted surgery during the peak of COVID-19 pandemic: A report from India.
Dev P, Yuvaraja TB, Waigankar SS, Ranade S, Pednekar AP, Agarwal V, Khandekar A, Badlani N, Asari A
J Cancer Res Ther. 2022;18(6):1629-1634
Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) in treating non-muscle invasive bladder cancer-analysis of adverse effects and effectiveness of two strains of BCG (Danish 1331 and Moscow-I).
Thyavihally YB, Dev P, Waigankar S, Pednekar A, Athikari N, Raut A, Khandekar A, Badlani N, Asari A
Asian J Urol. 2022;9(2):157-164
2021
Comparing adverse effects, short term outcomes, and cost implications of hyperthermic intravesical chemotherapy with Mitomycin-C and intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin instillation (Moscow-I strain) in the management of intermediate and high-risk nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer.
Thyavihally YB, Waigankar SS, Dev P, Asari A, Pednekar AP, Athikari N, Raut A, Khandekar A, Badlani N
Urol Ann. 2021;13(4):424-430
Comparative study of perioperative and survival outcomes after video endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy (VEIL) and open inguinal lymph node dissection (O-ILND) in the management of inguinal lymph nodes in carcinoma of the penis.
Thyavihally YB, Dev P, Waigankar SS, Pednekar A, Kulkarni B, Sharma A, Maheshwari S, Roy D, Agarwal V, Khandekar AA, Badlani ND, Asari AN, Sanwalka N
J Robot Surg. 2021;15(6):905-914
Schedule a Consultation
Dr. Khandekar sees patients across the University of Miami Health System and Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center. Request an appointment for urologic oncology care.